Zimbabwe’s economic decline is deeply tied to systemic corruption institutionalized by its post-liberation governance model. Following independence, ruling elites conflated party and state interests, transforming state-owned enterprises (SOEs) into patronage tools. Early scandals, like the 1987 Zisco Steel embezzlement and the Willowvale car import racket, revealed a culture of entitlement among liberation-era leaders, who viewed SOEs as personal “financial waterholes.” The lack of accountability in SOEs, evident in mismanaged loans, opaque tenders, and diverted resources has stifled industrial growth, eroded public trust, and entrenched poverty, positioning Zimbabwe among the world’s most corrupt nations.
Corruption’s toll on Zimbabwe’s GDP and development is stark. SOEs like ZUPCO and NOCZIM, crippled by graft, triggered fuel shortages and transport collapses that paralyzed critical sectors.
Think Tanks as Agents of Cultural Transformation
Think tanks hold transformative potential in combating Zimbabwe’s corruption culture. By advocating for SOE reforms through independent audits, competitive bidding, and whistle blower protections they stand a chance of dismantling illiberal networks. Also, technology offers additional leverage through digital platforms tracking SOE expenditures, paired with social media campaigns, thus potentially empowering citizens to demand transparency. These platforms also stand as enabling handles that churn civic education programs, emphasizing integrity and civic duty, hence it is detrimental that think tanks now need to actively target schools and communities to reshape societal values towards civic engagement. They should also create ideal spaces that allow ethical leadership workshops to flourish for aspiring politicians in order to counter future normalization of graft, while youth-led policy incubators ensure younger voices shape anti-corruption agendas. These steps align with regional successes, such as Botswana’s anti-graft Directorate, which reduced corruption through autonomous oversight.
Zimbabwe’s think tanks should also equally up their game that is play an integral role in urging legislation to insulate SOEs from political interference and recover stolen assets. Regional collaboration with fellow think tanks should be prioritised as cross pollination of strategies and ideas can help them shape and help the region to harmonize anti-corruption laws and foster peer accountability throughout the region. However, lasting change requires bridging generational divides, this places intergenerational dialogues at the epicentre of societal transformation, that is by acknowledging liberation-era sacrifices while addressing youth grievances could foster unity and help both generations to understand the need to pull and push the national agenda in the same direction as true patriots. Amplifying narratives of grassroots entrepreneurs thriving despite systemic barriers will also reignite national pride in hard work over rent-seeking.
Zimbabwe’s future hinges on dismantling corruption’s stranglehold. With 70% of its population under 35, youth mobilization offers a potent counterforce to entrenched elites. As I close this article, I challenge liberal think tanks to lead this charge, combine policy rigor with grassroots activism to pressure leaders and institutionalize transparency. Learning from Botswana’s anti-graft models, Zimbabwe can rebuild SOEs as engines of inclusive growth. The choice is clear: perpetuate a “Chinhu Chedu” (our thing) kleptocracy or embrace a “Zimbabwe inovakwa nevene vayo” (Zimbabwe can be rebuilt by its own people) mantra. This road is arduous, but with sustained advocacy, collaboration, and hope, renewal is possible.
Asante Sana!
Article first appeared on TECA.
Image by Medsile via Iwaria.